Evaluating and improving the robustness of security attack detectors generated by LLMs
Informazioni aggiuntive
Autori
Tipo
Articolo pubblicato in rivista scientifica
Anno
2025
Lingua
Inglese
Sommario
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in software development to generate functions, such as attack detectors, that implement security requirements. A key challenge is ensuring the LLMs have enough knowledge to address specific security requirements, such as information about existing attacks. For this, we propose an approach integrating Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) and Self-Ranking into the LLM pipeline. RAG enhances the robustness of the output by incorporating external knowledge sources, while the Self-Ranking technique, inspired by the concept of Self-Consistency, generates multiple reasoning paths and creates ranks to select the most robust detector. Our extensive empirical study targets code generated by LLMs to detect two prevalent injection attacks in web security: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and SQL injection (SQLi). Results show a significant improvement in detection performance while employing RAG and Self-Ranking, with an increase of up to 71%pt (on average 37%pt) and up to 43%pt (on average 6%pt) in the F2-Score for XSS and SQLi detection, respectively.
Parole chiave
Large Language Models, Code security, Attack detection, Retrieval Augmented Generation
Periodico
Empirical Software Engineering
Volume
31
Numero ( Mese )
2
Pagine (o numero dell’articolo)
35
ISSN
1382-3256, 1573-7616
Diffusione
Licenza
CC BY
Visibilità
Pubblico
Status open access
Hybrid
